Correlação entre dimensões alveolares radiográficas e tomográficas de pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas / Correlation between alveolar cleft measurements performed with periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography

Objetivo: Correlacionar medidas de fissuras alveolares obtidas por radiografias convencionais e tomografias computadorizadas do feixe cônico (TCFC). Método: Estudo transversal no qual participaram 11 pacientes com idades entre 6 e 32 anos, com fissuras pré-forame e transforame alveolar, não submetidos ao enxerto ósseo. Foram realizadas radiografias periapicais, oclusais e TCFC. Nas radiografias periapicais, foram mensuradas: a) largura da fissura em relação ao dente adjacente nos terços apical, b) médio, e c) cervical. Nas radiografias oclusais: d) largura da fissura nas superfícies vestibular, e) mediana, e f) na superfície palatina. Nas TCFC: g) a largura da fissura em relação ao dente adjacente nos terços apical, h) médio, e i) cervical, em corte longitudinal panorâmico para a correlação com a radiografia periapical e; j) a largura da fissura nas superfícies vestibular, l) na mediana, e m) palatina, em cortes axiais, para a correlação com a radiografia oclusal. As mensurações foram realizadas nas radiografias com régua milimetrada e nas TCFC pelo i-CAT Vision. Para a análise estatística foi empregado o teste de correlação de Spearman pelo software SPSS Statistics 17 for Windows. Resultados: A) Entre a radiografia periapical e a TCFC, obteve-se o coeficiente de correlação p de 0,618 no terço apical (significância de 0,05), 0,556 no terço médio (significância de 0,05) e 0,963 no terço cervical (significância de 0,01); B) Entre a radiografia oclusal e a TCFC, obteve-se correlação de 0,712 na superfície vestibular (significância de 0,01), na mediana 0,568 e na palatina 0,679 (ambos significância de 0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados indicam diferentes coeficientes de correlação positiva entre as medidas obtidas nas radiografias convencionais e na TCFC, sendo maior entre a radiografia periapical e a TCFC no terço cervical e, entre a radiografia oclusal e a TCFC na superfície vestibular.

Objective: To assess the correlation between alveolar cleft measurements obtained from conventional radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Method: Eleven patients treated at 'Associação Maranhense da Alegria', a non-profit organization that offers treatment to patients with cleft lip and palate, were included in this cross-sectional, descriptive study. All patients presented pre-incisive and trans-incisive foramen clefts and had not been treated with bone grafting. Periapical and occlusal radiographs and CBCT scans were obtained from all patients. The following measurements were determined: on periapical radiographs, cleft width in relation to the adjacent teeth in the a) apical, b) middle, and c) cervical thirds; on occlusal radiographs, cleft width based on the d) buccal, e) middle, and f) palatal aspects of the cleft; on CBCT scans, cleft width in relation to the adjacent teeth in the g) apical, h) middle, and i) cervical thirds, in a panoramic longitudinal section, for the assessment of correlation with periapical radiographic findings, and cleft width based on the j) buccal, l) middle, and m) palatal aspects of the cleft, in axial sections, for the assessment of correlation with occlusal radiographic findings. Radiographic measurements were calculated using a millimeter ruler and CBCT measurements were made using the i-CAT Vision software. Statistical analysis was performed by Spearman's rank correlation test using and the software SPSS Statistics 17 for Windows. Results: The following correlation coefficients were found between periapical radiography and CBCT: 0.618 in the apical third (significance p=0.05), 0.556 in the middle third (significance p=0.05), and 0.963 in the cervical third (significance p=0.01). Results between occlusal radiography and CBCT were as follows: 0.712 on the buccal aspect (significance p=0.01), 0.568 on the middle aspect, and 0.679 on the palatal aspect (both significant at p=0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate different positive correlation coefficients between measurements obtained from conventional radiography vs. CBCT, especially between periapical radiography and CBCT in the cervical third, and between occlusal radiography and CBCT on the buccal aspect of the cleft.

Estudo dos Fatores de Risco à Cárie Dentária em Gestantes Conforme o Trimestre Gestacional / Study Of Risk Factors for Dental Caries in Pregnant Women According to Gestational Trimester

Analisar a ocorrência dos fatores de risco à doençacárie em gestantes, relacionando estes fatores com otrimestre gestacional. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se estudoobservacional descritivo transversal, selecionando porconveniência 90 gestantes. Foi realizado exame clínico paraavaliar o acúmulo de placa dentária (IHOS – Índice de HigieneOral Simplificado) e experiência de cárie (CPOD - DentesPermanentes Cariados Perdidos e Obturados). Foramcoletadas amostras de saliva não estimulada para contagemde Estreptococos do Grupo Mutans (EGM) em ágar mitissalivarius bacitracina. A correlação entre trimestregestacional e indicadores de saúde bucal foi verificada peloteste de Spearman, com nível de confiança de 95%.Resultados: Os valores médios obtidos para o IHOS foram1,0; 1,0 e 1,1 para as gestantes do 1°; 2° e 3° trimestre,respectivamente. Os valores relativos à experiência de cáriepara gestantes do 1°; 2° e 3° trimestre foram, respectivamente,4,6; 4,3 e 4,8. Entre as gestantes do 1º trimestre, 63,4%apresentaram contaminação moderada por EGM, enquantoas gestantes do 2º (56,7%) e 3º (53,4%) trimestresdemonstraram baixa contaminação. Não foi verificadacorrelação estatisticamente significante (p>0,05) entre otrimestre gestacional e os indicadores de saúde bucal.Conclusão: As gestantes avaliadas possuem frequênciaconsiderável da doença cárie e de seus fatores de risco.Não se verificou diferença na ocorrência dos fatores derisco entre os trimestres gestacionais...

The aim was to analyze the occurrence of riskfactors for dental caries in pregnant women, relating thesefactors to pregnancy trimester.Method: It was conducted adescriptive cross-sectional observational study, in whichwere selected 90 pregnant women. Clinical examination wasperformed to evaluate the amount of dental plaque (SimplifiedOral Hygiene Index – SOHI) and caries experience (PermanentDecayed, Missing and Filled Teeth – DMFT). Unstimulatedsaliva was sampled for counting of total mutans streptococci(TMS) on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar. The correlationbetween pregnancy trimester and oral health indicators wasverified by Spearman test, with confidence level of 95%.Results: The mean values obtained for SOHI were 1.0, 1.0and 1.1 for the pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester,respectively. The values of caries experience for the pregnantwomen in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester were, respectively, 4.6,4.3 and 4.8. For the pregnant women in the 1st trimester,63.4% presented moderate contamination by TMS, while thepregnant women in the 2nd (56.7%) and 3rd (53.4%) trimesterdemonstrated low contamination. No significant statisticalcorrelation (p>0.05) was found between pregnancy semesterand oral health indicators. Conclusion: The pregnant womenof this study have significant frequencies of caries diseaseand its risk factors. No difference was found in theoccurrence of risk factors between the pregnancy trimesters...